The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening trophy on 14 different times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice late to seize a surprise lead. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial equaliser in the final seconds to send the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping decisive attempts from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a convincing penalty win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.